In their contribution to the Chambers Litigation Global Practice Guide, Akerman lawyers Christopher Carver, Pedro Freyre, Martin Domb, Augusto Maxwell, and Lorayne Perez provide a comprehensive update on the rapidly evolving body of case law under the Helms-Burton Act. They examine several significant appellate and trial-level decisions addressing key issues of first impression, including the scope of “trafficking” in confiscated Cuban property, questions of jurisdiction over foreign defendants, and the interplay between Helms-Burton and the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act. The authors discuss landmark rulings in the Havana Docks, North American Sugar, and Exxon cases — each now before the U.S. Supreme Court — as well as recent Eleventh Circuit decisions refining who may bring Helms-Burton claims and what constitutes “knowing and intentional” trafficking. They also review the first jury trial under the Act, Echevarria v. Expedia, in which a verdict for the plaintiff was later overturned. Together, these developments signal a pivotal year for Helms-Burton litigation, with the Supreme Court poised to clarify several fundamental jurisdictional and substantive questions by mid-2026.